HtmlToText
posterprinting435's website printing techniques through the years home services ▼ ► ◄ page 1 contact imprint printing techniques through the years in europe and america, the period of 1890-1900 was marked by poster frenzy. click here now the poster was not only a new advertising form, but also a new art form. posters were adorning romantic paris boulevards, tiny calm streets of belgium and holland, solemn london squares, shop windows of america and even middle class bedrooms. the history of printing is long and interesting from first images sketched on the cave walls by an early man to modern digital printing technologies. the first method of printing appeared in ancient china and dates back to the end of the 2nd century. for printing text, images or patterns, a reversed image was carved in a piece of wood and then inked up. paper was pressed down on top of it to transfer the ink and the image. known as woodblock printing, this method with a long history was popular both in europe and asia. development of print methods came with the invention of paper in china. the chinese also knew how to engrave text on different surfaces. in the 8th century chinese prisoners described the process to their arab captors. the secrets of the chinese craft passed to the arabs and were revealed to europe only in the 12th and 13th centuries. although european innovations came later, the chinese certainly felt the impact of printing less dramatically than the europeans did. during the 9th-10th centuries, after an introduction of woodblock printing to the islamic world, a unique type of block printing was developed in egypt. print blocks were made from metals (tin, lead, cast iron) or stone, glass, and clay. metal and other non-wooden forms of block printing were unknown in china, so the technique had very little influence outside the muslim world. europe knew nothing of metal block printing, too. instead, metal movable type printing appeared here later. with the introduction of movable type printing in china, block printing gradually vanished from islamic central asia. the first known movable type system from porcelain was created by bi sheng from china about 1040. metal movable types were invented much later in korea. movable system uses metal type pieces casted from matrices, which were created manually by punch cutters. metal pieces were more durable and the lettering was more uniform. movable type page-setting was more efficient and durable compared to woodblock printing. the first movable type system was invented in china. but its main elements, forming the base of modern printing, gradually appeared in medieval western europe. cultural and economical conditions in the region offered a favourable ground for it. it is traditionally considered that european movable type printing technology was developed by johannes gutenberg, a goldsmith and businessman from the mining town of mainz in southern germany, around 1440. and in just over a decade the european age of printing began. as a goldsmith, gutenberg used his knowledge of metals. he also introduced an oil-based ink which was more durable than water-based solutions used previously. gutenberg was the first to make an alloy type from lead, tin, and antimony. it proved to be more suitable for printing than clay, wooden or bronze types used in east asia. however, his most significant innovation was efficient molding and casting of movable metal types. the width of the lead base varied to suit the letter size emphasizing visual impact of words. a combination of movable metal type pieces, matrices and lead was only one of important elements demanded for european printing technology. another element was the printing press, an idea which had never occurred before. the invention of the printing press revolutionized communication and book production, added greatly to the spread of knowledge and changed the way of mass communications. very quickly, printing spread from germany all over europe. gutenberg's press had no rivals in the publishing sphere. his movable type printing is often regarded as the most important invention of the second millennium. in 1796, alois senefelder from bavaria introduced a method of printing on smooth surfaces, known as lithography. the printing technology uses chemical processes to create an image. although lithography was a huge step in printing development, it was too time-consuming and expensive at first. but after a french artisan jules cheret had introduced his "three stone lithographic process", which made possible to combine colours and texture with images and text, existing lithographic techniques were improved. chromolithography is another printing method stemmed from lithography. it was the first technology for true multicoloured prints. it replaced manually coloured prints and offered a way to get replicas of real paintings. in the 1870s another method of printing was invented " offset, often called offset lithography. here the inked image is transferred from a plate to a rubber blanket, and then to the printed surface. print technology by gutenberg continued virtually unchanged until the 19th century. hand-set type and pressing were soon replaced by steam power making the printing process more efficient and productive. the 20th century brought electric printing technologies and equipment, typewriters and photocopiers were developed, paving the way for digital printing processes. the first laser printer, a modified xerographic copier, was invented by gary starkweather from xerox in 1969. over the years, different types of printers were developed and modernised. in the 1980's, daisy wheel printers dominated the market. they were generally slow, printed only characters and symbols without graphics. at present daisy wheel printers are obsolete. they were replaced by dot matrix printers for computers, with a print head that runs back and forth on the page and prints by impact, striking an ink-soaked cloth ribbon against the paper. click here now letters were formed by dot matrix, so different fonts and some graphics could be produced. for now, inkjet printers are most popular devices for home and small offices due to their reasonable cost and good printing quality. inkjet printers spray tiny droplets of liquid ink onto paper. at present, a wide range of printers is available based on different technologies. modern multipurpose printers offer a number of functions to serve varied needs. you are visitor no. datenschutzerklärung free website powered by beep.com the responsible person for the content of this web site is solely the webmaster of this website, approachable via this form! footer
Informations Whois
Whois est un protocole qui permet d'accéder aux informations d'enregistrement.Vous pouvez atteindre quand le site Web a été enregistré, quand il va expirer, quelles sont les coordonnées du site avec les informations suivantes. En un mot, il comprend ces informations;
Domain Name: beep.com
Registry Domain ID: 4810068_DOMAIN_COM-VRSN
Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.psi-usa.info
Registrar URL: http://www.psi-usa.info
Updated Date: 2017-02-15T02:40:18Z
Creation Date: 1996-09-28T04:00:00Z
Registrar Registration Expiration Date: 2018-02-14T13:33:30Z
Registrar: PSI-USA, Inc. dba Domain Robot
Registrar IANA ID: 151
Registrar Abuse Contact Email: domain-abuse@psi-usa.info
Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +49.94159559482
Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited http://www.icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
Registry Registrant ID:
Registrant Name: David Finkenstädt
Registrant Organization: Beepworld GmbH
Registrant Street: Mündelheimer Weg 9
Registrant City: Düsseldorf
Registrant State/Province: NRW
Registrant Postal Code: 40472
Registrant Country: DE
Registrant Phone: +49.2113032254
Registrant Phone Ext:
Registrant Fax: +49.2113032255
Registrant Fax Ext:
Registrant Email: webmaster@beepworld.de
Registry Admin ID:
Admin Name: David Finkenstädt
Admin Organization: Beepworld GmbH
Admin Street: Mündelheimer Weg 9
Admin City: Düsseldorf
Admin State/Province: NRW
Admin Postal Code: 40472
Admin Country: DE
Admin Phone: +49.2113032254
Admin Phone Ext:
Admin Fax: +49.2113032255
Admin Fax Ext:
Admin Email: webmaster@beepworld.de
Registry Tech ID:
Tech Name: David Finkenstädt
Tech Organization: Beepworld GmbH
Tech Street: Mündelheimer Weg 9
Tech City: Düsseldorf
Tech State/Province: NRW
Tech Postal Code: 40472
Tech Country: DE
Tech Phone: +49.2113032254
Tech Phone Ext:
Tech Fax: +49.2113032255
Tech Fax Ext:
Tech Email: webmaster@beepworld.de
Name Server: ns11.constellix.com
Name Server: ns21.constellix.com
Name Server: ns31.constellix.com
Name Server: ns41.constellix.net
Name Server: ns51.constellix.net
Name Server: ns61.constellix.net
DNSSEC: unsigned
URL of the ICANN WHOIS Data Problem Reporting System: http://wdprs.internic.net/
>>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2017-07-07T06:30:24Z <<<
For more information on Whois status codes, please visit https://www.icann.org/epp
# Terms and conditions:
#
# The data in the WHOIS database of PSI-USA, Inc. is provided by
# PSI-USA, Inc. for information purposes, and to assist persons in
# obtaining information about or related to a domain name registration
# record. PSI-USA, Inc. does not guarantee its accuracy. By submitting
# a WHOIS query, you agree that you will use this data only for lawful
# purposes and that, under no circumstances, you will use this data to
# (1) allow, enable, or otherwise support the transmission of mass
# unsolicited, commercial advertising or solicitations via E-mail
# (spam); or
# (2) enable high volume, automated, electronic processes that apply to
# PSI-USA, Inc. or its systems.
# PSI-USA, Inc. reserves the right to modify these terms at any time.
# By submitting this query, you agree to abide by this policy.
#
REGISTRAR PSI-USA, INC. DBA DOMAIN ROBOT
REFERRER http://www.psi-usa.info
SERVERS
SERVER com.whois-servers.net
ARGS domain =beep.com
PORT 43
SERVER whois.psi-usa.info
ARGS beep.com
PORT 43
TYPE domain
RegrInfo
DOMAIN
NAME beep.com
NSERVER
NS11.CONSTELLIX.COM 96.45.80.1
NS21.CONSTELLIX.COM 46.31.236.1
NS31.CONSTELLIX.COM 43.247.170.1
NS41.CONSTELLIX.NET 96.45.81.1
NS51.CONSTELLIX.NET 46.31.237.1
NS61.CONSTELLIX.NET 43.247.171.1
STATUS
clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
CHANGED 2016-10-26
CREATED 1996-09-28
EXPIRES 2017-09-27
REGISTERED yes
Go to top
posterprinting435.beep.com rapport :
Visitez le site